Howling   Home Habitat Hunting and Food Social Behavior Communication Howling Courtship and Mating Birthing and Maturation Parenting Management Literature Howling is the most well known of all wolf communications. It is a beautiful, yet mournful sound that can convey many messages. Each wolf has its own distinct howl, and each howl within an individual has some variation, that when combined with that of the rest of the pack produces an enchanting song. Howling sessions are usually begun by bone individual and are picked up on by the rest of the pack one by one. The notes start out low and progressively work their way higher in a chorus. At the end of the session each wolf drops out individually, stringing the song out until usually only one is left, and then it is over. Each session lasts for an average of 85 seconds(C&F 469). Wolves do not only howl at night they do so at all times of the day, and their is a period of about 15-20 minutes were they are either not able to howl or just refrain from it (Mech 99). Some key purposes of howling are thought to be advisement of territorial boundaries, to aid in assembling stray members of the pack and to attract others in the breeding season (Klinghammer 188-189).