Literature

Historical records from 1852-1956 show that the Black-capped Vireo once occurred from central Kansas south to Mexico (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996). Figure 1 illustrates the range of the Black-capped Vireo in North America (Robbins, et. al., 1983). Figure 2 illustrates the known and suspected breeding range of the Black-capped Vireo in Texas (adapted from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1995). Likely extirpated from Kansas in the 1930’s (Grzybowski, 1995), vireos today breed locally in central Texas, a few counties in central Oklahoma, and central Coahuila, Mexico, although little is known of their status in Mexico (Campbell, 1995). Black-capped Vireos are known or considered likely to occur in 40 Texas counties; a total of 170 male vireos are known to occur in three counties in Oklahoma (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996). Suitable habitat occurs in other areas, however further confirmation of vireo occupation is needed (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996). All Black-capped Vireos winter along the western coast of Mexico.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3